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French Food Vocabulary: Meals, Shopping and Ordering

2 min read · By Xavier LeroyA1
Le petit déjeuner, une baguette, l’addition s’il vous plaît — the food words and café phrases you’ll actually use, plus the du / de la rule that goes with them.

In this article, you'll learn

✓ Les repas — the meals ✓ The starter kit ✓ Ordering at the café ✓ Du pain, de la confiture: “some”

Food is the fastest way into French life — and the vocabulary pays for itself on day one. Here’s what to know before your first boulangerie queue.

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The quick version — the full lesson is below. More shorts →

Les repas — the meals

  • le petit déjeuner — breakfast (coffee + tartine or croissant)
  • le déjeuner — lunch (often the main meal, 12h–14h)
  • le goûter — the 4 pm snack, sacred for children
  • le dîner — dinner (rarely before 19h30)

The starter kit

  • le pain — bread · une baguette — the baguette · un croissant
  • le fromage — cheese · le jambon — ham · un œuf — an egg
  • les légumes — vegetables · les fruits — fruit · une pomme — an apple
  • le poulet — chicken · le poisson — fish · le riz — rice
  • l’eau — water · le lait — milk · le vin — wine · une bière — a beer

Ordering at the café

  • « Bonjour, je voudrais un café, s’il vous plaît. » — I’d like…
  • « Je vais prendre le menu à 15 euros. » — I’ll have…
  • « Qu’est-ce que vous me conseillez ? » — What do you recommend?
  • « L’addition, s’il vous plaît ! » — The bill, please!
  • « C’était délicieux. » — It was delicious (say it, they glow).

Du pain, de la confiture: “some”

Talking about food usually means some of it, and French makes you say so: je mange du pain, de la confiture, des œufs. After a negative it all collapses to de: « Je ne mange pas de viande. »

FAQ

Is « un café » an espresso?

Yes — un café ordered plain is a small espresso. Want milk? Un café crème (big, milky) or une noisette (espresso with a dash of milk). “Un café au lait” is mostly a home drink.

What’s the difference between le dîner and le souper?

In France, dinner = le dîner. In Belgium, Switzerland and Québec, le dîner is LUNCH and le souper is dinner — worth knowing before you accept an invitation.

Where do I learn the du / de la system properly?

The partitive has its own lesson: French partitive articles. For the rest of your trip mouth-to-mouth, take essential travel phrases and the full travel phrasebook.

Quick practice

Play the Quiztap to start · quick practice from this material

🎬 Watch next: Cook a croque-monsieur in French — kitchen vocabulary with gestures.

📊 Chart it: Go deeper at the table: la nourriture vocabulary chart.

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